Tirupur Textile Cluster Shifts Toward Synthetics as MMF Demand Surges

Tirupur’s Shift from Cotton to Synthetics Gains Momentum Amid Global MMF Boom

Tirupur: As global fashion trends increasingly move toward fast fashion, demand for man-made fibres (MMFs) is rising rapidly. Industry estimates suggest that over 70% of clothing worldwide is now made using MMF-based fabrics, signalling a major structural shift in the textile sector.

According to Siva Subramaniam, a second-generation manufacturer and CEO of Raft Garments, the industry is still in the early stages of this transition but the direction is clear. “This is the future of the industry,” he said, highlighting the growing importance of synthetic textiles in global markets.

Raft Garments, which earlier produced 100% cotton-based apparel, began using polyester-spandex blends two years ago for innerwear and other garments. The company now maintains a portfolio of 85% cotton and 15% MMF, with plans to increase MMF share to 50% in the coming years. Subramaniam noted that polyester-based fabrics offer better sweat resistance and durability, making them increasingly popular, especially in sportswear.

He added that domestic and global markets are gradually shifting toward synthetics. “Cotton is almost disappearing in the sports segment, and polyester is becoming the preferred choice,” he said, adding that government support will be crucial for scaling up MMF adoption in India.

Rising global opportunity for MMF

Man-made fibres such as polyester, nylon, and rayon are produced through chemical processes or modification of natural fibres. These materials are widely used due to their durability, low maintenance, and resistance to wear and tear. China currently dominates global MMF production with an estimated 72% market share.

A Ministry of Textiles report highlights that India’s per capita fibre consumption stands at 5.5 kg, of which MMF accounts for only 3.1 kg—one of the lowest levels globally—indicating significant growth potential.

Industry projections suggest that India’s MMF textile exports could grow by 75% to reach $11.4 billion by 2030, up from about $6.5 billion in 2021–22. However, challenges such as raw material costs, technology gaps, and capacity constraints continue to limit competitiveness against global players.

Tirupur’s transition journey

Tirupur, India’s knitwear hub, exports cotton and cotton-blend garments such as T-shirts, dresses, and sweatshirts to key markets including Europe and the US. Its proximity to Coimbatore has helped it develop into a globally recognised textile cluster.

However, industry stakeholders say India still lags behind China in MMF manufacturing capabilities. While some exporters have begun adopting MMF due to rising global demand, cotton continues to dominate production in most units.

Investment and future outlook

Exporters in Tirupur are now investing heavily to adapt to the shift. Smaller units are reportedly spending ₹2–4 crore to upgrade machinery and expand MMF production capabilities.

“We have invested around ₹3–4 crore in MMF production as global demand clearly favours synthetics,” said Subramaniam, adding that the goal is to capture a larger share of the evolving market.

Industry experts believe that coordinated efforts from both the government and private sector will be essential to accelerate this transition and position Tirupur as a strong global player in MMF apparel manufacturing.

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