| Know important information related to cotton cultivation from the expert:- |
The arrival of cotton is in its last phase and farmers have started preparing to cultivate cotton in the new season. This season the cotton crop suffered heavy losses in many areas. As a result, the arrival of cotton across the country decreased. SIS had conversation with cotton expert Sushil Kumar Gupta to know the specifics related to cotton cultivation-
Cultivation of cotton starts from the month of May but if adequate irrigation is not available then cotton should be sown only after the arrival of monsoon.
The temperature should be right for a good crop. The ideal temperature for the crop to grow is 16 degree centigrade and for germination the ideal temperature should be 32 to 34 degree centigrade.
The temperature of 21 to 27 degrees is required for the growth of the crop. Whereas the day temperature should be 25 to 30 degree centigrade and the nights should be cool at the time of planting.
At least 50 cm of rainfall is required for cotton. Rainfall in excess of 125 cm can be harmful.
While preparing the cotton field, care should be taken that the field is completely level so that both the water holding and drainage capacity of the soil is good.
Sow Bt cotton by planting seeds (dibbling) at 108 & 60 cm ie 108 cm row to row and plant to plant at 60 cm or 67.5 & 90 cm distance.
The row-to-row distance of American varieties should be 60 cm and plant to plant distance should be 45 cm.
In native varieties, row to row distance should be kept 45 cm and plant to plant distance should be 30 cm.
By preparing plants in polythene bags and planting them in the empty spaces, the desired number of plants can be maintained.
If cotton is sown in saline land, then seed should be grown on the slope of the bunds by making bunds.
Three to four weeks before sowing, 25 to 30 carts of cow dung manure per hectare should be plowed and mixed well in the land.
American and Bt varieties require 75 kg nitrogen per hectare and 35 kg phosphorus and indigenous varieties 50 kg nitrogen per hectare, 25 kg phosphorus is required.
Give potash fertilizer on the basis of soil test, give full quantity of phosphorus and potash and half quantity of nitrogen before sowing. Give the remaining half of nitrogen at the time of flower bud formation.
When the twigs are in full bloom in the cotton, then they should be selected. Start the first pick when 50 to 60 percent of the locusts are in bloom and do the second when the remaining locusts are in bloom.
Additional profit can be earned by sowing crops like moong, urad, groundnut, soybean etc. between two rows of cotton. Co-cropping also reduces the incidence of weeds and insect diseases in cotton.
Sankara and Bt. For this purpose, 4 kg certified seed should be applied per hectare. For sowing indigenous and soft varieties, use 12 to 16 kg certified seed per hectare. Plant the seeds at a depth of about 4 to 5 cm.
(As told by cotton expert Sushil Gupta)
Regards
Team Sis
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