Rupee Gains 32 Paise, Closes at 85.27 Against US DollarThe Indian rupee on thursday higher 32 paise to close at 85.27 per dollar, while it opened at 85.59 in the morning.At close, the Sensex was down 315.06 points or 0.39 percent at 79,801.43, and the Nifty was down 82.25 points or 0.34 percent at 24,246.70. About 1869 shares advanced, 1921 shares declined, and 144 shares unchanged.read more :- Rupee Opens 17 Paise Lower at 85.59
Indian Rupee Slips to 85.59, Down 17 Paise at Market OpenIndian rupee opened 17 paise lower at 85.59 per dollar on Thursday versus Wednesday's close of 85.42.read more :-Cotton Productivity: An autonomous organisation is needed for cotton productivity estimation; Experts in the field of cotton research and productivity enhancement are in demand
Establishing an Autonomous Body for Cotton Productivity Estimation and ResearchThe policy of increasing productivity at the beginning of the season and then gradually reducing it is implemented through domestic entities to put pressure on imports. This is the reason why cotton gets a low price during the season. Now there is a demand to reduce the import duty on imports to zero. Looking at this overall situation, experts in the field are demanding that the government set up an autonomous organisation to estimate cotton productivity.Domestic cotton productivity is low. It has been observed that pests and diseases are spreading as a result of climate change, which is also affecting productivity. The area under cotton cultivation in Punjab and Haryana has declined significantly in the last few years, as the pink bollworm infestation has gone out of control in both these states. In Maharashtra too, farmers are preferring maize crop over cotton, while in Gujarat farmers have given preference to groundnut.It is feared that the cotton acreage will decrease in both these states in the upcoming Kharif season. This is why we had to import twice the amount of cotton bales this year compared to last year. Last year 1.5 million bales were imported, and this year 3 million bales have been imported. While all this is happening, there is also talk that farmers are not getting the expected price. This is because the trade lobby has estimated higher productivity at the beginning of the season.Accordingly, cotton prices remain under pressure. Experts in the sector also said that after this, pressure is exerted to increase imports by claiming a decrease in productivity. The game being played is that if imports increase, prices will again come under pressure. That is why experts say that there should be a government system to estimate the productivity and production of cotton. It was also said that this will control the large fluctuations in the productivity declared at the commercial level and help farmers get good profits....It is supply and demand320 lakh bales demanded291 lakh bales produced3.3 million bales importedThere used to be a Cotton Advisory Board at the government level. Now it has been renamed as COCPC (Cotton Production and Consumption). It has four members: Union Agriculture Ministry, Cotton Association of India, Indian Spinning Mills Association and Cotton Corporation of India. Their meetings are held and productivity is estimated. So it is wrong to say that there is no such committee.read more :-Rupee Falls 15 Paisa, Closes at 85.42 Against US Dollar
Indian Rupee lower 15 Paisa, Ends at 85.42 per DollarThe Indian rupee on wednesday lower 15 paise to close at 85.42 per dollar, while it opened at 85.27 in the morning.At close, the Sensex was up 520.90 points or 0.65 percent at 80,116.49, and the Nifty was up 161.70 points or 0.67 percent at 24,328.95. About 1989 shares advanced, 1832 shares declined, and 141 shares unchanged.read more :- End of US-China trade war? Trump now says tariffs on China will be 'significantly reduced'
Trump Hints at Big China Tariff ReductionsUS President Donald Trump has suggested that the historically high tariffs he has imposed on Chinese imports will not last long. Speaking from the Oval Office on Tuesday, Trump told reporters that the 145% tariff rate will eventually be "significantly reduced", although he maintained a confident tone about the US bargaining position."145% is very high, and it won't be that high," Trump said. "No, it won't be anywhere near that high. It will be significantly reduced. But it won't be zero - it used to be zero. We were just ruined. China was cheating us.""We're going to be very nice, they're going to be very nice, and we'll see what happens. But eventually," he said, "they're going to have to make a deal because otherwise they won't be able to make a deal in the United States."President Trump says tariffs with China will be significantly reduced |Trump's change in tone came shortly after Treasury Secretary Scott Bessant warned behind closed doors that the ongoing US-China trade impasse could not be sustained. "Nobody thinks the current situation is sustainable," Bessant reportedly told investors at a JPMorgan Chase forum in Washington.The current tariff scenario sees multiple rounds of hikes, with Chinese imports now subject to tariffs totaling 145%. In response, China has imposed retaliatory tariffs of 125% on US exports.Electronics such as smartphones and semiconductors remain exempt, while a 20% "blanket" tariff linked to concerns over fentanyl remains in place.Formal negotiations between Washington and Beijing have not begun. However, White House press secretary Caroline Levitt said more than 100 countries have expressed interest in the new trade arrangement following Trump's recent announcement of global tariffs - though China is not yet among them.Despite the absence of talks with Beijing, Levitt said the administration is "setting the stage" for a future deal with China and is "doing very well" on trade overall.Market reactions indicate cautious optimism. US stock indexes rose more than 2% after Bessant's comments, indicating that investors may be betting on a future easing of tensions - even if the road to any agreement is long.read more :-Rupee Opens 9 Paise Lower at 85.27 Against US Dollar
Indian Rupee Slips to 85.27, Down 9 Paise at Market OpenIndian rupee opened 9 paise lower at 85.27 per dollar on Wednesday versus Tuesday's close of 85.18.read more :-Cotton Price: Cotton arrivals have reduced, yet why is the price not increasing in the market?
Cotton Prices Steady Despite Drop in ArrivalsIn the last two-three weeks, the arrival of cotton in the domestic market has reduced significantly. Therefore, it was expected that there would be a good improvement in the price. However, the start of cotton sales by CCI has affected the price.The average price of cotton is between Rs 7,300 and Rs 7,800. Experts estimate that CCI's cotton sales and selling prices will continue to have an impact on the market in the future.Cotton production in the country has decreased this year. Production is estimated to be stable at 29.1 million bales. Of these, CCI bought about 1 crore million bales. That is, about 35 percent of the country's total production was purchased by CCI alone. This means that CCI is the largest cotton stockist in the country. Therefore, the market pays attention to how CCI sells cotton and determines the selling price. This will also affect the market.Production decreased in the country. But the industrial use of cotton is good. Therefore, there is a demand for cotton. On the other hand, cotton prices are low in the international market. Even when prices in the country were lower than the guaranteed price, prices in the international market were also low.Therefore, industries bought cotton as required. Industries have not shown interest in storage. Therefore, even though the price of cotton in the domestic market was lower than the guaranteed price, CCI continued to receive more cotton. Industrial purchases did not increase as expected.After the end of March, the arrival of cotton in the market decreased. In the last two weeks, the arrival was less than 50,000 bales and now it has come down to less than 40,000 bales. At present, about 35,000 bales are being received. Farmers were expecting that prices would rise after the arrival of their produce decreased significantly. But this does not seem to be happening. Prices are seen between Rs 7,300 and Rs 7,800.CCI's sales increasedAlthough farmers' cotton is coming to the market for sale in less quantity, CCI's sales have increased. CCI has sold 2.5 million bales of cotton out of the total goods purchased so far. It is also known that about one and a half lakh bales of cotton were sold on April 21.So far, the highest sales have been in Maharashtra. CCI has sold about 11.5 lakh bales of cotton in Maharashtra so far. More than 5 lakh bales were also sold in Telangana. About 4 lakh bales were sold in Gujarat.read more :-Rupee lower 6 Paisa Against Dollar, Closes at 85.18
Indian Rupee lower 6 Paisa, Ends at 85.18 per DollarThe Indian rupee on tuesday lower 6 paise to close at 85.18 per dollar, while it opened at 85.12 in the morning.The Sensex was up 187.09 points or 0.24 percent at 79,595.59, and the Nifty was up 41.70 points or 0.17 percent at 24,167.25. About 2389 shares advanced, 1453 shares declined, and 137 shares unchanged.read more :- Rupee opens 1 paise higher at 85.12 against dollar
Indian rupee opens 1 paise higher at 85.12 against US dollarThe rupee opened almost flat at 85.12 against the dollar on April 22 after gaining for five straight sessions on improved domestic economic indicators and the American currency taking a beating following tariff uncertainty.read more :-Rupee lower 2 Paisa Against Dollar, Closes at 85.13
Indian Rupee lower 2 Paisa, Ends at 85.13 per DollarThe Indian rupee on monday lower 2 paise to close at 85.13 per dollar, while it opened at 85.11 in the morning.Sensex was up 855.30 points or 1.09 percent at 79,408.50, and the Nifty was up 273.90 points or 1.15 percent at 24,125.55. About 2829 shares advanced, 1093 shares declined, and 149 shares unchanged.read more :- Punjab govt to provide 33% subsidy on Bt cotton seeds
Punjab to Give 33% Off on Bt Cotton SeedsBasant Garg, administrative secretary of the agriculture department, said that the subsidy programme is limited to a maximum of five acres or ten packets (each weighing 475gm) of cotton seeds per farmer.Punjab government has decided to provide a 33% subsidy on Bt cotton hybrid seeds recommended by Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Ludhiana, agriculture minister Gurmeet Singh Khudian said on Saturday.He said that a sum of ₹20 crore has been allocated for the subsidy programme and would reduce the financial burden on cotton growers, while simultaneously discouraging the cultivation of non-recommended hybrids to enable them to adopt high-yielding and pest-resistant Bt cotton hybrid seeds.“The agriculture department has fixed a target to increase the cotton crop area to at least 1.25 lakh hectares this year. Cotton, a crucial kharif crop in the southwestern districts of the state, presents a viable alternative to water-guzzling paddy crop, contributing to both agricultural diversification and economic growth,” Khudian said.Urging the farmers to take advantage of this opportunity and adopt the recommended Bt cotton hybrid seeds, Khudian said: “This subsidy programme is a crucial step towards achieving crop diversification, besides ensuring the prosperity of our cotton industry.”Basant Garg, administrative secretary of the agriculture department, said that the subsidy programme is limited to a maximum of five acres or ten packets (each weighing 475gm) of cotton seeds per farmer.He appealed to the farmers to obtain original bills for all Bt cotton seed purchases, while directing the department officials to conduct regular monitoring and inspections to prevent the entry of spurious seeds from neighbouring states.read more :-CCI Cotton Sales Update for Season 2024-25
Cotton Corporation of India – 2024-25 Sales UpdateThe Cotton Corporation of India (CCI) has sold 23,88,700 bales of cotton so far in the current season 2024-25. This accounts for approximately 24% of the total cotton procured this year.The state-wise breakdown of bales sold by CCI mentioned in the above postThis data reflects significant movement in cotton sales, particularly from Maharashtra, Telangana, and Gujarat, which together account for over 85% of total sales so far.This data showcases CCI’s active role in stabilizing the cotton market across major producing states.read more :-Indian rupee opens 26 paise higher at 85.11 against US dollar
Rupee Opens Stronger, Gains 26 Paise to 85.11 Against US DollarThe local currency opened at 85.11 against the US dollar, as compared to 85.37 against greenback at previous close.Indian rupee opened 26 paise up on April 21 after the dollar index, which measures American currency's value against six major global peers, fell sharply to over three years low.read more :-Indian cotton is the most expensive in the world market, cotton imports will increase
India's Costly Cotton Spurs Rise in ImportsYes, the price of Indian cotton is relatively high in the world market, and hence India has had to increase the import of cotton. Cotton imports have increased significantly in the last few months.Description:High prices:Since the prices of Indian cotton are higher than other countries in the global market, India has to import cotton at a higher price.Increase in imports :India's cotton imports have increased rapidly recently. For example, imports reached $184.64 million in January 2025, up from $19.62 million in January 2024.Reduction in production:Cotton production in India is likely to decline, due to which imports are increasing.Domestic use:Cotton consumption is high in India and due to low production, imports have to be increased to meet the demand for domestic consumption.Global Market:In the global market, the cotton market was valued at US$41.78 billion in 2024, and is projected to reach US$42.92 billion in 2025.Example:India's cotton imports reached $104 million in August 2024 and further increased to $184.64 million in January 2025.India's cotton imports are projected to reach 2.5 million bales in the marketing year 2024-25, up from 1.75 million bales last year.Conclusion:India has been forced to increase cotton imports due to the high price of Indian cotton in the world market and low domestic production.India's cotton imports riseMarch 10, 2025 — India's cotton imports have risen significantly in recent months, reaching $104 million in August 2024 and rising to $184.64 million in January 2025...Cotton production at 15-year low, know what is its price. ..October 23, 2024 — Changes in imports and exports India's cotton imports are expected to rise to 2.5 million bales in the marketing year 2024-25 from 1.75 million bales in the previous year.read more :-Cotton University receives prestigious PAIR grant
Cotton University Awarded Prestigious PAIR GrantGuwahati: Cotton University has received the prestigious PAIR grant from the National Research Foundation for Research. The grant, shared among six institutions, has made JNU the hub institution, while Cotton University, Tezpur University, Central University of Punjab, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University and Berhampur University have been given the status of spoke institutions.Cotton University has been allocated around Rs 14 crore under the five-year PAIR programme. The funding includes three sophisticated research instruments - a 400 MHz Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrometer, photoluminescence spectrophotometer and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS).According to Cotton University, these advanced instruments will enhance their research capabilities, especially in material science and chemical/biological analysis. Through this collaboration, the university will also benefit from access to advanced research infrastructure and specialist expertise at JNU and other partner institutions.A release from Cotton University on Thursday said, "The PAIR grants, aimed at promoting collaborative and high-impact research in India's leading institutions, were awarded following a rigorous multi-stage selection process held at the Indian Academy of Sciences, Bengaluru, and overseen by ANRF on March 7-8, 2025. Out of the 30 hub institutions shortlisted for presentations based on their excellent NIRF rankings, only seven were finally selected, judged on the merit of their presentations and demonstrated research excellence." This grant represents a significant achievement for Cotton University, its first major national research grant since receiving 'A' grade NAAC accreditation in September 2024. The university submitted a successful proposal involving 11 major research projects in three interdisciplinary areas - advanced materials, molecular and synthetic biology, and environmental sustainability. These projects involve 22 faculty members from seven science departments. Dr. Abdul Wahab led the proposal and collaborative structure as the Principal Investigator from Cotton University, and Professor Ramesh Choudhary Deka, Vice Chancellor of Cotton University provided strategic direction and support.read more :- Punjab farmers may cut cotton acreage despite artificial intelligence-driven project to control pest attacks
Punjab Farmers May Slash Cotton Acreage Despite AI Pest Control ProjectCotton acreage in Punjab has declined significantly over the years – from 2.68 lakh hectares (lh) in 2018-19 to 0.97 lh in 2024-25There has been some reduction in cases of pest attacks after a pilot project was launched last season to monitor and control pink bollworm (PBW) infestation in cotton crop in Punjab.But, the response from farmers is mixed, as some of them have complained that it did not help control PBW. As a result, they suffered losses. However, there is unanimity among them to reduce cotton acreage, partly due to PBW and mainly due to unavailability of water.“Though the machine helped us get timely alerts, PBW could not be controlled even after spray,” said Beant Singh, a farmer from Sri Muktsar Sahib district. He said they will reduce the area under cotton to 5-6 acres this year from the earlier 15-16 acres, mainly because of PBW and also water problem. He said the yield has dropped significantly, reducing their profit as they are cultivating land on lease.Significant drop in acreageOn the other hand, Roop Singh from Faridkot district said they are planning to reduce cotton acreage to 6-7 acres from last year’s 15 acres due to water availability, but he praised the government’s pilot project which helped manage PBW and also reduced their expenditure on pesticides.The area under cotton in Punjab has declined substantially in the last few years – from 2.68 lakh hectares (LH) in 2018-19 to 0.97 LH in 2024-25, resulting in a reduction in production also from 12.22 lakh bales (each of 170 kg) to 2.72 lakh bales. The main reason for the increase in PBW, a highly destructive pest of cotton, is the piling up of cotton crop residues near the fields.This increases the level of infestation, especially when cotton stalks, closed bolls and lint residues are piled up near agricultural fields, allowing the larvae to survive through diapause and emerge in large numbers during the next crop season.Pilot evaluationAs per the evaluation of the project results, the implementation helped in significantly improving pest identification, management efficiency and cost-effectiveness compared to conventional methods – reduction in pesticide use by 38.6 per cent while PBW damage was kept under control and yield increased by 18.54 per cent compared to conventional methods, highlighting the potential of Al traps to enhance cotton productivity while reducing chemical dependency.CICR deployed its own Al-based smart pheromone trap technology to overcome the limitations of conventional traps. The smart trap system comprises a single-board computer, a camera module, a weather sensor and a GSM transmitter, all powered by a solar panel with a rechargeable battery. According to Prasanta Kumar Dash, Assistant Director General of ICAR, a control unit triggers the camera module fixed on the ground at hourly intervals to capture photographs of trapped pests.Early Warning SystemThe system optimizes and transmits the combined data (trapping pictures and related weather parameters) to a remote server via a 4G GSM/Wi-Fi module. An Al-powered machine learning algorithm (YOLO) then processes the images, counts the trapped pests, and delivers the analyzed data along with relevant weather information to end users via a mobile or PC application.By correlating the real-time trappings with weather data, pest dynamics over a wide area can be better understood. This helps in the development of reliable pest early warning systems and improved pest management practices in cotton cultivation, according to the evaluation report of the pilot project. The scientists emphasized that real-time monitoring is essential for devising timely and cost-effective management strategies to control PBW. They said timely pest alerts and advisories to farmers helped in keeping the losses below the economic threshold level (ETL)read more :-Weekly Summary Report : Cotton Bales Sold by Cotton Corporation of India (CCI)
Weekly Cotton Bale Sales Summary – CCICotton Corporation of India (CCI) conducted online bidding for cotton bales throughout the week, with the daily sales summary being as follows:15 April 2025: A total of 97,500 bales were sold, including 51,800 bales in the Mills session and 45,700 bales in the Traders session.16 April 2025: CCI recorded sales of 63,900 bales, including 37,900 bales in the Mills session and 26,000 bales in the Traders session.17 April 2025: The week ended with sales of 37,200 bales, of which 23,400 bales were sold from the Mills session and 13,800 bales in the Traders session.Weekly Total: During the week, CCI sold 1,98,600 (approx.) cotton bales, successfully using its online bidding platform to streamline transactions and support trading.read more :- Study reveals region-specific benefits of organic cotton farming in India
Organic Cotton Farming Yields Regional Benefits in IndiaA new Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) released by the Organic Cotton Accelerator (OCA) provides region-specific evidence of the environmental advantages of organic cotton cultivation compared to conventional methods in India. The study, conducted by climate solutions provider South Pole and commissioned by the OCA, analysed verified data from over 18,000 Indian farmers across three growing seasons (2020-2023) and various irrigation systems, including rain-fed, intensive irrigation, and mixed approaches.The research, which examined cotton farming practices across 15 distinct supply regions in five Indian states – Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Gujarat, and Telangana – aimed to develop detailed environmental profiles for raw organic cotton produced by farmers participating in OCA’s agricultural program. It specifically investigated how different irrigation methods and farming techniques impact the environment.The OCA’s LCA was designed to establish a reliable baseline for evaluating environmental impact from farm to ginning, support credible environmental claims made by brands, and assist with Scope 3 greenhouse gas (GHG) reporting for partner companies. Furthermore, the OCA aimed to refine its data collection and management processes for future assessments and ongoing monitoring.Key outcomes of the OCA’s India organic cotton study indicate that organic cotton farming has a smaller environmental footprint across several crucial impact categories, including climate change potential, water consumption, acidification, and eutrophication. Notably, the study revealed that direct field emissions are significant contributors to climate change effects, acidification, and eutrophication, accounting for a substantial portion (averaging 88 per cent, and ranging from 45 per cent to 99 per cent across most categories) of the impact within the irrigated control group. The research also highlighted the significant role of fertiliser use, both synthetic and natural, in determining the environmental impact of cotton production. Water use impacts were found to vary considerably based on irrigation practices, with rain-fed systems demonstrating the lowest environmental impact.The research underscores the necessity of improving the quality and consistency of LCA data for sustainability initiatives to be effective and measurable. This includes refining secondary data related to irrigation through collaborations with local organizations to enhance water footprint assessments. The study also recommends regular updates to LCA studies to track progress and evaluate the impact of interventions over time.Looking ahead, OCA plans to conduct further regional LCAs to gain a more precise understanding of organic cotton’s contribution to addressing climate change, biodiversity loss, and social issues. Brands partnering with OCA will have access to customised LCA insight dashboards, enabling them to monitor progress, inform sourcing decisions, and drive meaningful impact. read more :- Brazil cotton prices rise on tight supplies & trade uncertainty
Brazil Cotton Prices Climb Amid Supply Crunch & Trade WoesTrade tensions between the US and China disrupted global market sentiment in early April, slowing spot market activity amid volatile futures. In Brazil, a mismatch in product quality and pricing continued to limit negotiations during the offseason. Most 2023-24 inventories have already been sold, with remaining sellers holding firm on prices. Buyers with urgent or high-quality requirements are paying a premium, as per the Centre for Advanced Studies on Applied Economics (CEPEA).As a result, domestic cotton prices climbed to BRL 4.2999 (~$0.73) per pound on April 15, 2025, up 1.97 per cent from March 31, reaching their highest nominal level since early March.According to National Supply Company’s (CONAB) April 10 report, Brazil's 2024-25 cotton crop is expected to hit a record 3.89 million tonnes—up 5.1 per cent year-on-year—driven by a 6.9 per cent rise in planted area and a 1.7 per cent increase in yield.Globally, the USDA projects cotton production at 26.32 million tonnes for 2024-25, a 7 per cent rise from the previous year, with consumption seen at 25.26 million tonnes, leaving supply 4.2 per cent above demand.read more :-Rupee Rises 11 Paise, Closes at 85.37 Against Dollar
Indian Rupee higher 11 Paisa, Ends at 85.37 per DollarThe Indian rupee on thursday higher 11 paise to close at 85.37 per dollar, while it opened at 85.48 in the morning.At close, the Sensex was up 1,508.91 points or 1.96 percent at 78,553.20, and the Nifty was up 414.45 points or 1.77 percent at 23,851.65. About 2340 shares advanced, 1468 shares declined, and 149 shares unchanged.read more :-India’s cotton panel recommends removing 11% import duty
| title | Created At | Action |
|---|---|---|
| Indian Rupee higher 32 Paisa, Ends at 85.27 per Dollar | 24-04-2025 15:46:16 | view |
| Rupee Opens 17 Paise Lower at 85.59 | 24-04-2025 10:18:46 | view |
| Cotton Productivity: An autonomous organisation is needed for cotton productivity estimation; Experts in the field of cotton research and productivity enhancement are in demand | 23-04-2025 16:21:39 | view |
| Rupee Falls 15 Paisa, Closes at 85.42 Against US Dollar | 23-04-2025 15:45:15 | view |
| End of US-China trade war? Trump now says tariffs on China will be 'significantly reduced' | 23-04-2025 12:15:58 | view |
| Rupee Opens 9 Paise Lower at 85.27 Against US Dollar | 23-04-2025 10:03:43 | view |
| Cotton Price: Cotton arrivals have reduced, yet why is the price not increasing in the market? | 22-04-2025 18:09:50 | view |
| Rupee lower 6 Paisa Against Dollar, Closes at 85.18 | 22-04-2025 15:54:27 | view |
| Rupee opens 1 paise higher at 85.12 against dollar | 22-04-2025 10:18:38 | view |
| Rupee lower 2 Paisa Against Dollar, Closes at 85.13 | 21-04-2025 15:58:15 | view |
| Punjab govt to provide 33% subsidy on Bt cotton seeds | 21-04-2025 11:26:45 | view |
| CCI Cotton Sales Update for Season 2024-25 | 21-04-2025 10:55:06 | view |
| Indian rupee opens 26 paise higher at 85.11 against US dollar | 21-04-2025 10:28:12 | view |
| Indian cotton is the most expensive in the world market, cotton imports will increase | 19-04-2025 12:57:33 | view |
| Cotton University receives prestigious PAIR grant | 19-04-2025 11:48:54 | view |
| Punjab farmers may cut cotton acreage despite artificial intelligence-driven project to control pest attacks | 19-04-2025 11:14:12 | view |
| Weekly Summary Report : Cotton Bales Sold by Cotton Corporation of India (CCI) | 18-04-2025 16:51:37 | view |
| Study reveals region-specific benefits of organic cotton farming in India | 18-04-2025 11:29:07 | view |
| Brazil cotton prices rise on tight supplies & trade uncertainty | 18-04-2025 10:47:48 | view |
| Rupee Rises 11 Paise, Closes at 85.37 Against Dollar | 17-04-2025 15:43:03 | view |
